Halvor halvorson



Hr HALVORSON.

Measuring Cloth.

4 No, 11,435. Patented Aug. 1, 1854.

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HORACE BARNES.

HALvo HALvo soN, or, BGSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO H. HALVORSON AND MECHANISM FOR MEASURING CLOTH ON LOQMS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 11,435, dated August 1, 1854.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, HALVOR HALVORSON, of Boston, in the county. of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful apparatus for indicating on a loom and during the process of weaving.

cloth thereon the amount of cloth woven, such indicationbeing by means of one or more incisions in the cloth; and I do hereby declare that the same is fully described and represented in the following specification andthe accompanying. drawings, letters, figures, and references thereof.

Of the said drawings, Figure 1, denotes a top view of my mechanism or apparatus.

Fig. 2, is a sectional view of it as applied to the breast beam of a 100m, the said section being taken through the lance or cutter and made to show. themannerin which the cloth passes over the apparatus and the breast beam. Fig. 3, is an under side view of the said mechanism. Fig. 4, is a transverse section of it taken. through the ratchet bolt to be hereinafter. described. Fig. 5, is a transverse section, taken through the single toothed pinion, and the large measuring gear thereof.

In the construction of my machine for measuring cloth on the beam I use a metallic bed plate, A, the width of. which may be equal to that of the breast beam of the loom to which it is to be applied and it may be about eight or nine inches long and of a thickness sufficient to support the mechanism tobe attached to it. Upon the upper side of this plate, I apply a shaft, B, running longi-.

tudinally over the plate and made to rotate in bearings a, b, (Fig, 1,) attached to the plate in any practical manner. end of this shaft I adapt a wheel, C, which may beeithera sharp pointed ratchet, or it may be simply a roller armed upon its periphery with sharp projections similar to those employed inthe wheels of revolving temples for looms. Upon the other end of this shaft, B, I cut a screw, D, the threads of which work in a worm gear, E, through:

which passes a shaft, F, carrying also a camor one toothedpinion, Gr, whichin its turn acts upon a. wheel, H,.formed,with

a. number of notches, c, a, such notches being farther apart than spaces between teeth in ordinary gearing, and in each of the projections, between. these spaces, Ifile or out To one a concavity corresponding to the cylindrical part of the periphery of the cam pinion, so that the larger wheel cannot be moved except when the cam pinion moves it and this movement can only take place when the tooth of the campinion acts in one of the notches, c, c, of the large wheel during jthe rotation of the cam pinion, whereby it will be seen, that this gear, H, differs from gears generally as the wheel cannot rotate and drive the pinion, but must be driven, and whendriven is moved during each entire revolution of the beam, a distance only about equal to the diameter of the pinion, whereas, by common gearing, or when the pinion is provided with teeth entirely around its periphery, it would move the circumference of the wheel through a distance equal to the perimeter of the pinion. This constitutes the mechanism by which I obtain a given result in measuring and the train may be varied according to option or circumstances. If the circumference of the small sharp toothed wheel, C, on the long,

tached to the breast-beam of the 100111 in such a manner that as the cloth is woven it shall-be made to pass over and in con tact with the teeth of the sharp toothed wheel on the long shaft and thence downward at about a right angle by the front side of the breast-beam and close to it, as it will in passing to the cloth roller, t he passage of the cloth being seen at Lin Flg. 2, these teeth will be acted uponby the cloth, and thus so as to causethe wheelto rotate. When the rotations of thiswheel have been repeated, until one revolution of the large wheel has been obtained, forty yards of cloth will necessarily have passed over the wheel. This train may be varied soas to As the worm gear rotates the campinion have the circumference of the sharp toothed wheelthree inches, and to have awo-rm play- 7 ing into a worm gear provided with twenty four teeth and attached to a cam pinion playing into a notched wheel, made with twenty notches, and thus there would be produced from such a train, but one revolution of this last wheel during the passage of forty yards of cloth over the apparatus. Such a train is preferable to the other as the increased radius of the sharp toothed wheel would admit of its periphery reachin through and projecting beyond the face of the foundation plate, A, and also to be acted on by the cloth.

In the drawing, the train is arranged on one side of the bed plate. The shaft of the large notched wheel H, passes through the plate A, and with one journal, (the other in common with that of the worm gear being sustained in a bridge K, arranged transversely across the foundation plate) carrying upon its extremity a notched cam-wheel L, made by filing an angular notch, d, in

v the periphery of a plain turned roller, into which notch I admit the correspondingly formed end of a rod .or bar M, made to slide longitudinally in studs or supports riveted or screwed to the plate, A, while the other end of this rod acts against an oscillating framework N, or sliding box, which is kept against the end of the rod by a spring 0. This frame or sliding box oscillates upon a fulcrum or pin, P, (arranged near one edge of the foundation plate, A) and extends from thence to near the opposite edge of said plate where it is kept against the plate by passing under a bridge B. In this sliding box is a slide or ratchet bolt, S, which has a spring, T, acting upon it in such a manner that when unobstructed, one of the ends of the bolt, S, or that immediately adjacent-to the bridge, B, would project beyond the edge of the foundation plate. This slide is armed on the other end of it, with a projection, e, which as a pawl or click acts into the teeth of a ratchet wheel T made to rotate upon a stud or pin, U, inserted in the plate, A, in close proximity to the sliding box or oscillating frame, N. Upon that edge of the sliding box opposite to that near the wheel is a le ver pawl or click, V, which has one end pressed toward the slide S, by a spring, W, and toward a stud, X, projected from the slide S, such stud being at such a point or position, that when the slide shall be pushed home, so that its end shall be flush with the edge of the foundation plate, the pawl shall hold the slide there against the pressure of a spring, T acting upon the slide. This pawl, I name a lever pawl on account of it being made with two arms projecting from ajfulcrum in opposite directions; one acting aga nst or with the. stud of the slide, while the other acts against a stop pin Y, inserted readily be seen, by having the slide S pushed home as above described and the end of the rod or bar, M, rest-ing in the notch of the cam wheel, L, attached to the shaft of the notch wheel, H. If under such a disposition of the parts the loom is started and put in operation the cloth woven will commence rotating the measuring wheel, C, and thereby putt-ing in movement the whole train. The shaft of the notch-wheel, H, driving the notched cam will repel or move the rod or bar M, from its center, or in other words force the end of the rod from its resting place in the notch to and upon the periphery during which passage the said rod or bar will move the oscillating sliding box, N, against the spring, 0, pressing against it, and at the same time one arm of the lever pawl, V, will act or be pressed against the pin Y, in the plate and will raise the other arm away from the stud, X, of the slide S, which when thus liberated will be thrown out by the spring T acting upon it for that purpose, and there it will remain until the rotation of the notch wheel L, present-s the diametrical edge of the notch in the cam to the ends of the rod M. When this takes place, the spring, 0, acting against the slide box, will press the rod and box back to the positions they occupied when we commenced to weave or put the l'oom in operation. The slide in the slide box now projects beyond the edge of the foundation plate. Now suppose this to project from the inside of the breast-beam toward the lay of the loom and that to the lay is attached a pin or stud projecting therefrom in the di rection of the breast-beam and sufiiciently to reach the edge of the plate, A, in th y maximum of its (the studs) forward motion and at a point where the slide is now directly in its path. The said stud of the lay during the forward motion of the lay in beating in the filling or weft will hit the end of the slide S, and force such slide home or far enough to be caught by the pawl, V, operating against the stud, X. It will be seen, that when such movement of the slide, S, takes place, the projection, e, on the end of the slide nearest the ratchet wheel, T, will act against one tooth of that wheel and move it a distance equal to the length of one tooth, the length of action of the slide being made sufficient for that purpose. Upon the stud sustaining the oscilating sliding box is also hung a lever, f, in a direction nearly at a right angle with the box. On the inner edge of this lever is a projection, g, which should be made so as to fit into any one of they indents of the ratchet wheel, its extreme end being guided ner that when the lever is at home (the projection resting in one of the spaces or indents in the ratchet wheel)-the edge of this instrument should be just i within the edge of the foundation plate,such edge being outward from the breast-beam or the edge opposite to the one nearest the lay, the cloth being made to pass down by such edge as seen in Fig. 2. The knife or cutteris thus brought close to the bend or vertex of the angle of bend; of the cloth. It is now obvious that as the ratchet wheel is moved by mechanism as above described,one tooth of the wheel will act upon the lever by the projection resting against it and being thus thrown forward or outward the lancetwill penetrate the cloth, passing down over the breast beam to the cloth beam, and by the action of the spring, a, it will be instantly withdrawn. It isequally obvious, were the ratchet wheel armed with radial knives, or one for each tooth and they brought up to the cloth so as to penetrate it during the passage of each in contact with it nearly the same result would occur, although such a contrivance would not be susceptible of satisfactory regulation. that the stud or pin in the lay must be so arranged that it shall not hit the slide S, except when the rod M, drops into the notch of the cam, neither must the slide be liberated from the pawl lever, V, until such slide has been moved entirely forward toward the ratchet T, otherwise the lance might be thrown forward and made to puncture the.

cloth at every beat of the lay.

I am aware that devices have been applied for measuring cloth and indicating such measurement by registering dials and ringing bells or by marking yarns with ink during the operation of dressing them. Many causes operate to vary the result during the process of weaving, and notthe least the necessity of vigilantly watching the ink marks on the part of the attendant.

I am aware,that a roller or cylinder and clockwork have been combined and used for indicating the length of any surface, against which the periphery of said roller might be placed and rolled. I am also aware that a roller or cylinder and a pencil or ink marking apparatus have been applied to the cloth-beam of a loom in order to mark into equal lengths or parts the cloth wound upon said clothbeam. I am also aware that a roller and clock-work have been arranged directly upon the breast-beam of a loom. I therefore lay noclaim to any such combinations or arrangements of mechanism for measuring and marking cloth. I would remark that my apparatus produces a result not attained by any of them, viz., puncturing the cloth, or cutting a slit through it.

I will here observe 1 If it marks at allv it goes beyondthe markiing of it by making a perforation through'it, acertain and sure and inefiaceable indicator ofthe place where the piece of cloth or web is to be cut intwo. That part of my mechanism whichso operates on the cloth is a contrivance neither analogous nor equivalentto a merelymarkrng apparatus, or that producing a crayon, pencil or ink mark on the surface of the cloth. a My apparatus if it marks at all not only marks one surface, but

itcuts throughthe .cloth and thereby marks I the opposite surface. Consequently it 1361' forms a function or result different from that of pencil marking apparatus. So far as it makes an indication of where the cloth is to be subsequently separated, it does what has been done before, but as it contains a of great importance and convenience; it is a combination which if it can be said to involve the combination of the measuring and marking elements, (which I by no means admit) contains a distinct element or one to mark through and on both sides of the cloth.

I would further remark, that a cloth measuring apparatus has been applied to the breast-beam, but a cloth measuring and marking apparatus, although it has been applied to the cloth beam or roller, has not been applied to thebreast beam and been actuated in the way mine is by the lay of the loom, for in my apparatus when the lay beats up, and the slide, S, is moved into the path of the stud of the lay (which takes place when the slide rod, M, is driven into the notch of the wheel L) the slide, S, will be drawn back or against the ratchet, T, by the lay. This constitutes another feature wherein my machinery differs from others hereinbefore referred to.

What therefore I claim as my invention is the combination of the following mechanical element-s or their equivalents when operated by a stud from the lay and by means of the cloth as specified, the said combination being as follows:

1. The lancet or cutter for puncturing the cloth.

2. Mechanism applied to the lay and the cutter for moving said cutter toward and into the cloth and afterward instantly out of the cloth, such mechanism as described being the slide, S, the ratchet, T, the bar, f, (with its tooth, 9,) and the spring,

3. Mechanism for moving the slide bar, S, into and out of the path of the stud of the lay as specified, such mechanism as described being the bar, M, the notched wheel, L, the gear wheel, H, the single toothed pinion, G, the Worm. gear, E, the screw, 1),

and the wheel, C, as applied or connect-ed together and operating substantially as de-* scribed.

at. I also claim arranging the lance or cutter on the breast-beam and close to the edge of it, When the cloth is bent downward toward the cloth-roller and when such lance or cutter'has mechanism applied to it and operated by the cloth and the lay so as to put the said lance or cutter into operation as specified; such arrangement of the lance or cutter on the breast beam, and in close proX- I imity to its rear upper corner enabling the lance or cutter to pass freely through the 

